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The Simple Pendulum Department of Physics (单摆物理系)
The Simple Pendulum
by Dr. James E. Parks
Department of Physics and Astronomy
401 Nielsen Physics Building
The University of Tennessee
Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1200
Copyright June, 2000 by James Edgar Parks*
*All rights are reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by
any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage or
retrieval
Objectives
The purposes of this experiment are: (1) to study the motion of a simple pendulum, (2) to
study simple harmonic motion, (3) to learn the definitions of period, frequency, and
amplitude, (4) to learn the relationships between the period, frequency, amplitude and
length of a simple pendulum and (5) to determine the acceleration due to gravity using
the theory, results, and analysis of this experiment.
Theory
A simple pendulum may be described ideally as a point mass suspended by a massless
string from some point about which it is allowed to swing back and forth in a place. A
simple pendulum can be approximated by a small metal sphere which has a small radius
and a large mass when compared relatively to the length and mass of the light string from
which it is suspended. If a pendulum is set in motion so that is swings back and forth, its
motion will be periodic. The time that it takes to make one complete oscillation is
defined as the period T. Another useful quantity used to describe periodic motion is the
frequency of oscillation. The frequency f of the oscillations is the number of oscillations
that occur per unit time and is the inverse of the pe
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