第二次课3学时.docVIP

第二次课（3学时） 对于阅读，词汇量是一个非常关键的因素，是提高阅读速度的首要条件。那么如何提高词汇量呢？最关键的是，扩大阅读量，除此之外，就是要记一定量的词根。英语的来源有几个方面，一个是古英语（盎格鲁-撒克逊语源），另一个就是希腊语和古罗马语。这些语源现在已经演化为英语的词根。一般地来说英语的单词由词素（词根、词缀）构成，词缀又分为前缀和后缀两种。 （前缀）+词根+(后缀)=单词 单词基本的词义由词根决定，而词缀则为单词添加附加的词义。 常用的词根就是三百多个，建议每个同学根据自己的能力，记忆相应数量的词根以扩大自己的词汇量。 在快速阅读时，往往会遇到不熟悉的单词，此时不要轻易地停下来查词典，而是要利用自己的智慧来猜测该单词的含义。方法无非有以下几种： 根据该单词的词根（如果有的话） 根据上下文 例1：An iconoclast is a person who deliberately breaks traditions. 例2：Venomous snakes, such as the rattlesnakes, the copperhead, or the coral snake, are to be avoided. 例3：The minaret that the Moslems built stood tall, slender, and graceful above the other buildings in the town. 例4：John was very excited about the award, but Smith seemed indifferent. 例5：It is sometimes said that only primitive people have taboos. That is not necessarily so. Even advanced cultures like ours have them. In America, for example, it is taboo to speak directly about death. 综合 例1：Each office contained some type of medical specialist. In one was family practitioner; in another, an obstetrician; in another, a radiologist; and in another, a hematologist. UNIT 3 A：Logical Variables and Flip-flop 背景知识：逻辑变量就是取值为“真”和“假”或者“0”和“1”的变量。逻辑变量和逻辑运算（逻辑代数）在数字线路和计算机技术中使用得很多。常用的逻辑运算有：“与运算”、“或运算”和“非运算”。逻辑运算可以使用各类逻辑器件来实现。 New words operation n. 运算 terminology n. 术语 aptness n. 恰当、合理 designation n. 赋值、委派 cockpit n. 驾驶舱 cabin n. 坐舱 deduce vt. 推断 presumable ad. 可假定的、可推断的 property n. 特性、房地产 if and only if 当且仅当 reason vt. 推理 recapitulate vt vi 概括、扼要说明 proposition n. 命题 cross-coupled 交叉连接 NOR gate 或非门 NAND gate 与非门 complementary a. 互补的 阅读时间：12分 解释： pilot device 中试装置 ……and in so doing we shall bring out the special aptness of the designations ‘true’ and ‘false’ to identify the possible values of a variable. 我们将阐明将‘真’和‘假’赋值给一个变量的合理性。 Boolean algebra deals with propositions and is an effective tool for analyzing the relationships between propositions which allow only two mutually exclusive alternative. 布尔代数处理命题并且是分析两值命题的有效工具。 8分钟的提问与答