五氯酚的厌氧降解特性及机理的分析研究.pdf

摘 要 在 35 ±1℃中温厌氧反应条件下，以葡萄糖为共基质，采用间歇试验法，进行 了PCP 的厌氧降解性及产甲烷毒性、厌氧降解影响因素和厌氧降解动力学研究， 并对PCP 的厌氧降解机理及降解历程进行了探讨。结果表明： PCP 是一种比较难 于厌氧生物降解的有机化合物（当PCP 浓度≥10mg/L 时，其自身去除率明显下降）； PCP 对产甲烷菌的抑制作用（或毒性）具有浓度效应，浓度在 5mg/L～40mg/L 时 为中度抑制，浓度为60mg/L 时为重度抑制；PCP 等四种氯酚的毒性大小为：PCP ＞2,4,6-TCP ＞2,3,4,6-TeCP ＞2,4-DCP 。产甲烷活性恢复程度为：2,4-DCP ＞ 2,3,4,6-TeCP ＞2,4,6-TCP ＞PCP ，毒性越大，活性恢复越困难，且浓度越大，活性 恢复越小；PCP 等四种氯酚降解难易程度依次为：PCP ＞2,3,4,6-TeCP ＞2,4,6-TCP ＞2,4-DCP ，在共基质条件下，其自身去除率与各自毒性的关系不明显。但毒性对 COD 去除率有明显影响，COD 去除率随氯酚毒性增大而减小；PCP 共基质厌氧降 解的适宜条件为：pH 为7～8 、接种污泥浓度约为 9.28gVSS/L 、共基质葡萄糖 COD 浓度为 1800～1900mg/L ；葡萄糖为共基质条件下（COD 浓度为 1800～ 1900mg/L），PCP 的厌氧降解符合准一级反应动力学。PCP 初始浓度的增加将会导 致降解速率的下降。驯化物氯代程度越高、越容易还原脱氯，则越利于 PCP 的降 解；推测出 PCP 厌氧还原脱氯途径为：PCP→2,3,4,6-TeCP→3,4-DCP→3-CP ，最 终矿化为 CH4 和 CO2 。Gibbs 自由能的变化可以作为预测PCP 厌氧降解历程的一 种途径。 关键词：五氯酚；厌氧降解性；产甲烷毒性；降解影响因素；降解动力学；降解 机理；降解历程 I ABSTRACT A batch anaerobic test was conducted to examine the biodegradability and metha- ne formation toxicity, influential factor, and dynamics of PCP anaerobic biodegradati- on. Furthermore, the biodegradation mechanism and pathway of PCP was discussed. T- he test conditions was as follows: glucose was used as co-substrate and the temperature was 35 ±1℃. The results indicated that PCP was a recalcitrant organic compound (the removing rate of PCP dropped off significantly when PCP concentration increased to above 10mg/L); The inhibition (or toxicity ) to methanogenic bacteria of PCP had dose response to its effect. Middle inhibition was caused when concentration of PCP was 5～40 mg/L. And the activity was strongly inhibited when PCP concentration increase- d to 60mg/L; The inhibition level was PCP ＞2,4,6-TCP ＞2,3,4,6-TeCP ＞2,4-DCP. The methanogenic activity recovery level was 2,4-DCP ＞2,3,4,6-TeCP ＞2,4,6-TCP ＞PCP. The recovery of methanogenic activity became m