5胸部正常及基本病变表现（5 chest normal and basic pathological changes）.docVIP

5胸部正常及基本病变表现（5 chest normal and basic pathological changes） The lungs have good natural contrast, which is a favorable condition for X-ray examination. Many lung diseases can be diagnosed by different imaging methods. The most common ones are x ray chest radiography and CT examination. The imaging findings of lung diseases are the reflection of pulmonary pathophysiology and pathological anatomy, and can not directly reflect the histological changes. The diagnosis must be closely associated with clinical practice. CT has the advantages of high density resolution, no overlap between the front and back structures, and better than the chest X-ray for the discovery of small lesions and the display of the details of the lesions; The value of MRI positioning and qualitative diagnosis of mediastinal tumors, especially the cardiovascular effects of MRI flow, help to understand the relationship between mediastinal tumor and heart and great vessels; USG is difficult to be used in the diagnosis of lung because of the strong reflex of the air in the lungs. It is only valuable for the diagnosis of pleural effusion and mediastinal tumors. Observation and analysis of second cases of lung and mediastinum We should pay attention to image quality; observation of lesions: lesions, distribution, number, shape, size, edge, density, function change, adjacent tissue organ changes; combined with the clinical history, signs, etc. experimental reference. A normal chest X-ray manifestation, the (1) thorax: 1. normal chest X-ray (chest radiograph) is the internal and external tissues and organs of the chest cavity. Including the chest wall soft tissue, bones, heart, lungs, large vessels, pleura, diaphragm and other overlapping comprehensive projection. Some soft tissue or bone structures of the chest wall may project in the pulmonary field to form a shadow that is confused with the lesion. (1) the sternocleidomastoid muscle and skin folds of the clavicle (2) the pectoralis major muscle (3) brea