一般检查（General inspection）.docVIP

一般检查（General inspection） (I) general condition 1. signs of life include body temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure. (1) body temperature: before examination, the patient should rest for 30 minutes, and the thermometer should be less than 35 centigrade when testing. 1) oral measurement: thermometer placed under the tongue, closed, 5 minutes after reading, the normal value of 36.3 ~ 37.2 degrees centigrade. The oral measuring method is reliable. The infant or confusion can not be used. 2) anal method: the examined side lie position, after the anus thermometer spreads the lubricating oil, slowly inserts the anus, the depth reaches the thermometer length half, after 5 minutes readings, the normal value is 36.5 ~ 37.7 degrees centigrade. The results are reliable. Suitable for children or their unconsciousness. Method: 3) were measured before axillary check should be quiet rest and dry armpits, moved near the hot and cold objects, the thermometer is placed at the top of the upper arm close to the armpit, chest wall clamping thermometer, 10 minutes after reading, the normal value of 36 to 37 DEG C. The axillary method is the most widely used, the body temperature is higher than normal, fever, 37.3 to 38 degrees Celsius for low heat, 38.1 to 39 degrees Celsius for moderate fever, 39.1 to 41 degrees Celsius for high fever, 41 degrees above for ultra high fever. (2) pulse: see the vascular examination section. (3) breathing: see chest examination section. (4) blood pressure: the measurement of blood pressure includes direct measurement and indirect measurement. 1) direct measurement: used in critically ill patients to measure arterial pressure directly after arterial puncture. 2) indirect measurement: use a blood pressure meter for measurements. The subjects were resting in a quiet environment for 5~10 minutes. They were supine or sitting. The upper limb was exposed, stretched and slightly extended. The elbow was flat with the heart (sitting position was fourth