中国古代的重大改革与变法0中国近代的变法与改革（Major reform and political reform in ancient China 0 Chinas modern political reform and Reform）.doc

中国古代的重大改革与变法0中国近代的变法与改革（Major reform and political reform in ancient China 0 Chinas modern political reform and Reform） Major reform and political reform in ancient China The spring and Autumn period, Qi Guan reform 1, content: the reform of internal affairs, the development of production, reform of military system. Results: 2, Qi strong, Qi HuanGong established. Two, 356 BC, the Qin Dynasty, Shang Yang, political reform evaluate 1, in the form of law to abolish the system of feudal land ownership, confirm. It abolished the hereditary privileges of the slave owners, promoted the development of the feudal economy, and strengthened the centralized system of the new landlord class. 2, Qin gradually became strong and laid the foundation for the Qin Dynasty to unify the six countries. 3, Shang Yangs cruel torture law and cultural high pressure policy had a negative impact on the later Qin dynasty. 4, the legalist thought advocated by Shang Yang became the political thought dominated by qin. In three, Emperor Xiaowen reform (omitted), after the Zhou Shizong reform (omitted), Qingli (omitted) Four, Wang Anshis political reform (1069, Song Shenzong) 1, content and function Financial measures A, to make crops farmers from the exploitation of usury, and increase government revenue. B, Muyi law reduces farmers burden, and ensure the production time. Many water conservancy projects built C, the law of irrigation and water conservancy, across many lands into fertile land. D, Fang Tian, tax increases the feudal land tax revenue. E and City friendly law are conducive to stabilizing prices and commodity exchanges and increasing national revenue. Military measures A, to strengthen the control of Baojia law to the people, to resist the Liao and Xixia offensive, reduced military spending. B and art of war strengthened the training of the army and enriched the frontier defense forces. Educational measures A, the reform of the imperial examination system, the abolition of the Ming Imper