以太之谜和迈克耳逊—莫雷实验（The mystery of the etheric and Michelson Morley experiment）.docVIP

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以太之谜和迈克耳逊—莫雷实验（The mystery of the etheric and Michelson Morley experiment）.doc

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以太之谜和迈克耳逊—莫雷实验（The mystery of the etheric and Michelson Morley experiment）

以太之谜和迈克耳逊—莫雷实验（The mystery of the etheric and Michelson Morley experiment） The mystery of the etheric and Michelson Morley experiment From the beginning of nineteenth Century the wave theory of light since the resurrection, physicists have been debating on optical transmission media of Ethernet, one of the important problem is the etheric and weighing material (especially the earth) relationship. At that time, there are two kinds of views. In 1818, Fresnel believes that the earth is composed of highly porous material, in which the etheric movement is almost not affected by what obstacles. The air on the earths surface because of its refractive index close to 1, and therefore can not or only the faintest traction of ether, the surface of the earth can be regarded as static ethernet. Stokes believes that Fresnels theory is based on all the objects of the etheric are transparent, so it is not permissible. He proposed in 1845, on the surface of the earth, have the same speed Ethernet and the earth, the earth is completely etheric traction. Only in the place to leave the surface of earth a certain height, can think of Ethernet is stationary. Because the rest of the etheric Fresnel that can explain the phenomenon of aberration (due to the rotation of the earth, the stars will change in view of wheat position within a year), so people generally agree it. If a stationary ether said is correct, then due to the earths orbital speed is thirty kilometers per second, on the surface of the earth there should be ether. Over the years, people have done a series of experiments of optical and electrical (the so-called aether drift experiments), attempts to measure the relative motion of the earth through the aether. However, due to limitation of experimental precision, the first order only measure the earth revolution speed and the ratio of the speed of light, the first experiment will give negative results. With the development of Maxwells electromagnetic theory, people understand t