美国现当代文学讲稿.doc

美国现当代文学讲稿 1 （2010-9-5） Lecture 1 Introduction 美国文学各历史时期简介 Introduction of Periods of American Literature 殖民地时期 Colonial Period（1607—1765） 启蒙时期与独立战争时期 Period of Enlightenment and Revolution（1785— end of 18th century） 浪漫主义时期 Period of Romanticism（1800—1865） 现实主义时期 Period of Realism（1865—1914） 二、20世纪美国文学简American literature in the 20th century (1914---2000) 现代主义时期 Period of Modernism （1914—1945） 两次世界大战之间的美国文学 From the First World War to the Second World War. 6.当代文学（1945—2000） 战后美国文学分为两个时期 Now this period is divided into two periods 美国冷战时期的文学From 1945 to 1960s. (the Cold War) 美国当代多元化文学From the end of 1960s to the present day. (Contemporary diversified literature) 二、美国现代文学简介 Period of Modernism （1914—1915） 1. 历史背景Historic background: 第一次大战使欧洲陷入了一片血与火之中，美国在1917年宣战为了结束一切战争而战。The First World War (1914-1918) brought misfortune on humanity. In 1917 America declared war on Germany and helped to stop the war. 美国人为响应“为和平而战”的号召，奔赴欧洲战场。 Americans were engaged in the war with an unusual amount of enthusiasm, inspired by the ideal of making the world safe for democracy. 战争给人带来灾难的同时刺激了美国军事工业，带来了战后的经济繁荣。 The end of World War I marked the beginning of modern America. The war was an important factor in stimulating American economic development. The great changes took place in the decade following the war. An economic boom, a deceptive affluence, appeared, when the war was over. 1923年到1929年是美国经济的繁荣时期。 From 1923 to 1929 was the periodic “thriving” stage of American economy, which was the main manifestation of the swelling industrial production, the mass production methods and technology, such as telephone, automobiles and radio and so on, which transformed the life of the whole nation. 美国社会充斥着享乐主义和物欲主义，道德观念和传统的信念动摇了。 People wanted to have a good time and enjoyed the new products. People became aware of a sudden jump in technology. All of a sudden automobiles and radios appeared which helped to widen the horizon of the people and increase their knowledge. A social revoluti