不同灌溉施肥方式对马铃薯产量和养分吸收的影响.PDFVIP

中国农学通报 2013,29(36):268-272 Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 不同灌溉施肥方式对马铃薯产量和养分吸收的影响 张志伟，梁 斌，李俊良，何 华，金圣爱 （青岛农业大学资源与环境学院，山东青岛266109 ） 摘 要：作为世界第四大粮食作物，提高马铃薯产量和水肥资源的利用率，对于满足人们粮食需求和生态 环境可持续发展意义重大。为了探索一种高效的马铃薯灌溉施肥的方法，通过田间试验，研究了不同灌 2 溉方式（滴灌、微喷灌和大水漫灌）和施肥量(525、600、675、750 kg/hm )对马铃薯产量和水肥资源利用的 影响。结果表明，与传统处理相比，滴灌处理使提高马铃薯出苗成活率显著提高10% ；在相同施肥的情 况下，滴灌处理提高马铃薯产量和偏生产力；在不影响产量的前提下，滴灌处理达到了节水37% ，节肥 55%的效果。综上可见滴灌对提高马铃薯产量和资源利用率都有积极意义。 关键词：出苗率；滴灌；微喷灌；偏生产力 中图分类号：S365 文献标志码：A 论文编号：2013-0623 Effects of Different Fertigation Methods on Yield and Nutrient Uptake of Potato ZhangZhiwei,LiangBin,LiJunliang,HeHua,JinSheng’ai (CollegeofResourceandEnvironment,QingdaoAgriculturalUniversity,QingdaoShandong266109) Abstract: Asthefourthgraincrop,itisimportanttoimprovetheyieldofpotatoandwaterandfertilizers resourceuseefficiencyformeetingfooddemandandenvironmentalsustainability.Forexploringawayof efficientfertigationonpotato,fieldplottrialswereconductedtostudytheeffectsofdifferentirrigationmethods (dripirrigation,micro-irrigationandtraditionalirrigation)anddifferentfertilizerrates(525,600,675,750kg/ 2 hm)onpotatoyieldandwateruseefficiency.Theresultsshowedthat,dripirrigationsignificantlyincreasethe seedlingrateofpotatofrom 85%oftraditionalirrigationtreatmentto 95%.Underthesameamountofthe fertilizer,dripirrigationincreasedpotatoyieldandpartialfactorproductivityofappliedfertilizer.Comparedto thetraditionalirrigation,dripirrigationsaved37%waterand55%fertilizerwiththesameyield.Inconclusion, thedripirrigationisappropriateforincreasingpotatoyieldandimprovingthewateruseefficiency. Key words: seedingrate;dripirrigation;micro-irrigation;partialfactor