内科学7肾脏病学（Internal medicine 7 Nephrology）.docVIP

内科学7肾脏病学（Internal medicine 7 Nephrology） The first chapter is general introduction 1. the physiological functions of the kidneys include: A. excretion metabolite B. regulates water and electrolyte acid-base balance C. can produce endocrine hormone D., can degrade endocrine hormone E. or more 2.. The basis of renal excretion, metabolites and regulation of water, electrolyte, acid-base balance: A. the glomerular filtration area is large and B. is supplied with adequate blood supply C. glomerular filtration regulates the reabsorption and secretion function of D. tubules E. or more 3. which is right about the renal tubular function? The renal tubular A. has only reabsorption function, and it is found to have secretory function at the end B. medullary loops primarily absorb glucose and amino acids C. proximal tubules can reabsorption 90% of HCO3- and 70% of water and NaCl The distal convoluted tubule of D. is concentrated and diluted by countercurrent exchange mechanism The E. proximal tubule can not absorb glucose and amino acids 4. which statement is correct about albuminuria? A. proteinuria is the most common form of overflow proteinuria B. tubular proteinuria is usually high molecular proteinuria C. secreted proteinuria is common in glomerular diseases D. postural albuminuria is a physiological form of albuminuria E. functional proteinuria is a pathological proteinuria 5. each kidney consists of approximately 1 million renal units, and the nephron should include: A. glomerulus + renal capsule, B. glomerulus + renal tubule C. glomerulus + renal cyst + renal tubule, D. glomerulus + interstitial + collecting duct E. renal corpuscle + mesangial cell 6. the renal glomerulus apparatus includes: A. beside cell + dense patch + inner mesangial cell, B. near cell + dense patch + extra mesangial cell C., para cell + dense patch + mesangial cell, D. extra cell + dense patch + mesangial stroma E. afferent arteriole + dense macula + efferent arteriole 7. the composition of glomeru