几个主要贸易国家的采购方式（Ways of purchasing in several major trading countries）.docVIP

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几个主要贸易国家的采购方式（Ways of purchasing in several major trading countries）.doc

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几个主要贸易国家的采购方式（Ways of purchasing in several major trading countries）

几个主要贸易国家的采购方式（Ways of purchasing in several major trading countries） U.S.A Competitive bidding (sealed bidding system) is the traditional way of government procurement in the United States, requiring bidders to tender in a sealed manner. In 1809, sealed bidding was adopted by legislation to require government procurement to make the sealed bidding system the basic way of awarding contracts by the government. Since then, open competitive procurement has been the basic form of government procurement in the United states. Competitive negotiations in 1972, the Congressional Government Procurement Committee reported that competitive negotiations should be recognized as a normal and effective way. Since then, competitive negotiations have been widely used in the procurement of goods and services. The purchaser, through the quotation invitation, requests the potential contractor to make a plan for the purchaser to negotiate separately with the Contractor within each acceptable offer, and select the transaction contractor. This method in the procurement of high-tech equipment or systems, or other factors need to consider the price of purchasing materials or when the system is considered to be the most appropriate, provides better opportunities for technology and strength evaluation of the procurement of the contractor. Other forms of procurement in terms of access to professional services and scientific research and development, procurement agencies use is another competitive way, because in this range, quality of service and professional experts consider more than competitive price. In addition, the purchaser proves that the product or service required is not available to the general company and can be purchased by a single source after approval by the government procurement regulatory authority. European Union The EU has three competitive modes of procurement: open bidding, bidding invitation, competitive negotiation and procurement. All people can purchase public bidding