我国湖泊富营养化及现状及研究.doc

毕 业 论 文 题　　目:　我国湖泊富营养化的现状及研究 专　　业:　 　　　 班　　级: 学　　号: 姓　　名: 指导老师:  摘 要 水体富营养化，是水体中含有过多的溶解性营养盐类，使水中藻类等浮游生物大量生长繁殖，而引起异养微生物旺盛的代谢活动，耗尽了水体中的溶解氧，使水体变质，从而破坏了水体中的生态平衡现象。该现象的影响极其恶劣，不仅对我国的环境造成了很大的污染，而且对我国水资源的利用也产生了很大的负面影响。湖泊的富营养化和人类的生产和生活有着密不可分的关系，人类生活垃圾的堆积、工厂废水的排放以及农田的灌溉等，这些都加剧了湖泊富营养化的程度。为了恢复湖泊应有的功能，我们要采取有用的措施对湖泊进行综合治理。 本文从我国湖泊富营养化的成因和危害入手，并且通过典型的国内外案例，分析了几个大的湖泊的污染程度，并且针对这些原因提出了相应的治理措施，提出了控制污染源和生态修复并行治理是有效方法这一建议。 我们必须正视湖泊富营养化问题，寻求好的治理方法，让湖泊恢复到以前干净的水质，这需要大家的共同努力。 关键词：湖泊 富营养化 污染源 防治措施 生态修复  Abstract ? ?Water-body eutrophication, it means that there is excessive dissolved nutrient salts in water, so it makes algae plankton growth and reproduction heavily, and lead to the strong metabolic activity of heterotrophic microorganisms，therefore it depletes dissolved oxygen in water, deteriorates water body, and destroys the phenomenon ecological balance of water body. The?influence?of?this?phenomenon?is?very?bad;?it?not?only?causes?lots?of?pollution?for?our?environment,?but?also?has?a?significant?negative?impact?on?the?use?of?water?resources?in?China.? Eutrophication?of?lake?has?a?very?close?relationship?with?people’s?production?and?life,?the?accumulation?of?people’s?garbage,?the?factory’s?effluent?discharge?and?farmland?irrigation?and?so?on,?which?have?exacerbated?the?extent?of?lake?eutrophication.?In?order?to?restore?lake’s?proper?function,?we?have?to?take?useful?measures?for?comprehensive?management?of?the?lake. In this paper,?we?will?start?from?the?causes and hazards of lake eutrophication in China,and through the typical cases at home and abroad, and analyzes the levels of several large lakes pollution and comes up with corresponding control measures for these reasons,?the?proposed?the?effective?way?of controlling sources of pollution, restoring and managing ecology. We?must?face?up?to?th