皖南有性系茶树良种茶籽油的脂肪酸组成测.docVIP

皖南有性系茶树茶籽油的徐奕鼎( 王文杰 王烨军 方吴云 丁勇 吴琼 黄建琴* （安徽省农业科学院茶叶研究所，安徽祁门 245600） 摘 要 为了解皖南有性系茶树种茶籽的油脂，选取了6个有性系茶树种的茶籽，按照油料种籽含油量测定法(GB/T 14488.1-93)测定茶籽油含量，用气相色谱法测定油的脂肪酸组。结果显示：茶籽种仁油脂平均含量为34.55%。茶籽油含有12种脂肪酸，其中棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸和亚麻酸占脂肪酸总量98.71%。饱和脂肪酸主要为棕榈酸和硬脂酸，平均含量18.06%；单不饱和脂肪酸主要为油酸，平均含量57.65%；多不饱和脂肪酸主要为亚油酸和亚麻酸，平均含量23.01%，由此表明皖南茶籽油是典型的油酸—亚油酸型油脂，既可作为工业用油原料，精炼后也可成为优质食用油。 关键词 皖南山区；有性系茶树种；茶籽油；气相色谱测定；脂肪酸组成 Xu Yiding, Wang Wenjie, Wang Yejun, Fang Wuyun, Ding Yong,Wu Qong, Huang Jianqin* (Tea Research Institute, Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Anhui Province, Qimen 245600,Anhui china) Abstract: In order to know the quality of fat oil of sexual tea improved varieties in the moutainous area of south Anhui, the content of fat oil from 6 kinds of tea seeds oils were determined with Method for determination of oil content in oilseeds (GB/T 14488.1-93) and the compositions were determined by GC. The results showed that the average content of tea seeds oils was 34.55%.The oil was composed of 12 fatty acid, among which palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid accounted for 98.71%. The average content of SFA was 18.06%, and the major component was palmitic acid and stearic acid. The average content of MUFA was 57.65%, and the major component was oleic acid. The average content of PUFA was 23.01%, and the major component was linleic acid and linolenic acid. This research indicated that the tea seed oil from south Anhui were typical oleic-linoleic fat oil which were raw material of industrial oils and high quality edible oil after refined. Key words: mountainous area of south Anhui; sexual tea varieties; tea seeds oil; GC determination; compositions of fatty acid 我国是茶叶生产大国，油脂作为茶籽中的主要能量贮藏物质，在种仁中含量高达30%以上[,4]，大。研究表明，茶籽（Tea seed）油是优质的工业用油原料；经精炼而成的食用油，营养丰富，香纯味美，且保持了茶叶特有的祛火祛热、清心明目、消炎解毒等保健功效[-9]。茶籽油主体成分为三脂肪酸甘油脂，而茶籽的油脂含量及脂肪酸组成因茶树品种、气候因子及立地条件的差异有所不同[,3]。皖南山区是安徽省重点茶区，也是全国乃至世界著名的名优茶产区，域内有性系茶树种多，纯度高，应用不同有性种加工成的黄山毛峰、祁门红茶、太平猴魁等名优茶享誉海内外，那么，支撑不同名优茶的有性系茶树种茶籽油脂肪酸组成呢？为了解皖南有性茶树种茶籽的油脂，