光和作用原理（Principles of light and action）.docVIP

光和作用原理（Principles of light and action） With two kinds of pigments: chlorophyll thylakoids and orange carotenoids, chlorophyll and carotenoid ratio is usually about 3:1, Chla and chlb is about 3:1, in many algae except B, chlorophyll a, and chlorophyll C, D and phycobilins, The leaves are the sites of photosynthesis Such as phycoerythrin and phycocyanin; in photosynthetic bacteria bacterial chlorophyll. Chlorophyll a, B and bacteriochlorophyll consists of a porphyrin ring of complexation with magnesium and a long chain alcohol, only a small difference between them. Carotenoids are composed of isoamylene unit four terpene, Phycobilin protein is a kind of pigment, the chromophore is composed of pyrrole ring chain, including metal, and pigment has more conjugated double bonds. All chlorophyll and carotenoids are almost all embedded in the thylakoid membrane, and protein to non covalent bond, a peptide can be combined with a number of pigment molecules, distance and orientation of all pigment molecules fixed, is conducive to energy transfer. Carotenoids and lutein on chlorophyll a, B play a protective role. The absorption spectra of several kinds of pigment, chlorophyll a, B absorption of red, orange, blue, purple, blue and violet carotenoid absorption, absorption rate is the lowest in green. Especially the phycoerythrin and phycocyanin absorption spectra and chlorophyll varied greatly, which adapt to different light conditions for life in the ocean algae, have ecological significance. absorption peak Chlorophyll a, B absorption peak: two sets of photosynthesis system of chloroplast membrane: photosynthesis system and photosynthesis system two, Chlorophyll a, the absorption peak of B (a system of two photosynthesis photosynthesis system than to the original, but the first electron transfer in the photosynthetic system began in two) in the case of illumination, respectively 680nm and 700nm photon absorption wavelength (in blue violet, accompanied by a small amount of red