a hierarchical probabilistic model for rapid object categorization in natural scenes快速对象的层次概率模型在自然场景分类.pdfVIP

A Hierarchical Probabilistic Model for Rapid Object Categorization in Natural Scenes Xiaofu He1,2, Zhiyong Yang1,3*, Joe Z. Tsien1,4* 1 Brain and Behavior Discovery Institute, Georgia Health Sciences University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America, 2 Department of Computer Science and Technology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China, 3 Department of Ophthalmology, Georgia Health Sciences University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America, 4 Department of Neurology, Georgia Health Sciences University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America Abstract Humans can categorize objects in complex natural scenes within 100–150 ms. This amazing ability of rapid categorization has motivated many computational models. Most of these models require extensive training to obtain a decision boundary in a very high dimensional (e.g., ,6,000 in a leading model) feature space and often categorize objects in natural scenes by categorizing the context that co-occurs with objects when objects do not occupy large portions of the scenes. It is thus unclear how humans achieve rapid scene categorization. To address this issue, we developed a hierarchical probabilistic model for rapid object categorization in natural scenes. In this model, a natural object category is represented by a coarse hierarchical probability distribution (PD), which includes PDs of object geometry and spatial configuration of object parts. Object parts are encoded by PDs of a set of natural object structures, each of which is a concatenation of local object features. Rapid categorization is performed as statistical inference. Since the model uses a very small number (,100) of structures for even complex object categories such as animals and cars, it requires little training and is robust in the presence of large variations within