a model of bacterial intestinal infections in drosophila melanogaster一个模型的黑腹果蝇肠道细菌感染.pdfVIP

A Model of Bacterial Intestinal Infections in Drosophila melanogaster 1 ´ 1 1 1 2,3,4¤ 1 Nadine T. Nehme , Samuel Liegeois , Beatrix Kele , Philippe Giammarinaro , Elizabeth Pradel , Jules A. Hoffmann , Jonathan J. Ewbank2,3,4, Dominique Ferrandon1* ´ ´ 1 Equipe Fondation Recherche Medicale, UPR 9022 du CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire du CNRS, Strasbourg, France, 2 Equipe Fondation Recherche ´ ´ ´ ´ Medicale, Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Universite de la Mediterranee, Case 906, Marseille, France, 3 INSERM U631, 13288 Marseille, France, 4 CNRS UMR6102, 13288 Marseille, France Serratia marcescens is an entomopathogenic bacterium that opportunistically infects a wide range of hosts, including humans. In a model of septic injury, if directly introduced into the body cavity of Drosophila, this pathogen is insensitive to the host’s systemic immune response and kills flies in a day. We find that S. marcescens resistance to the Drosophila immune deficiency (imd)-mediated humoral response requires the bacterial lipopolysaccharide O-antigen. If ingested by Drosophila, bacteria cross the gut and penetrate the body cavity. During this passage, the bacteria can be observed within the cells of the intestinal epithelium. In such an oral infection model, the flies succumb to infection only after 6 days. We demonstrate that two complementary host defense mechanisms act together against such food- borne infection: an antimicrobial response in the intestine that is regulated by the imd pathway and phagocytosis by hemocytes of bacteria tha