application of thermoeconomics to industrial ecologythermoeconomics工业生态学中的应用.pdfVIP

Entropy 2010, 12, 591-612; doi:10.3390/ OPEN ACCESS entropy ISSN 1099-4300 /journal/entropy Article Application of Thermoeconomics to Industrial Ecology ´ ´ Antonio Valero, Sergio Uson , Cesar Torres and Alicia Valero CIRCE, Center of Research for Energy Resources and Consumption, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: suson@unizar.es. Received: 19 January 2010; in revised form: 13 March 2010 / Accepted: 15 March 2010 / Published: 22 March 2010 Abstract: Industrial Ecology involves the transformation of industrial processes from linear to closed loop systems: matter and energy flows which were initially considered as wastes become now resources for existing or new processes. In this paper, Thermoeconomics, commonly used for the optimization and diagnosis of energy systems, is proposed as a tool for the characterization of Industrial Ecology. Thermoeconomics is based on the exergy analysis (Thermodynamics) but goes further by introducing the concepts of purpose and cost (Economics). It is presented in this study as a systematic and general approach for the analysis of waste flow integration. The formulation is based on extending the thermoeconomic process of the cost formation of wastes in order to consider their use as input for other processes. Consequently, it can be applied to important Industrial Ecology issues such as identification of integration p