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are the genes nada and norb involved in formation of aflatoxin g1是基因nada黄曲霉毒素g1和norb参与形成.pdf

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are the genes nada and norb involved in formation of aflatoxin g1是基因nada黄曲霉毒素g1和norb参与形成

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2008, 9, 1717-1729; DOI: 10.3390/ijms9091717 OPEN ACCESS International Journal of Molecular Sciences ISSN 1422-0067 /ijms Article Are the Genes nadA and norB Involved in Formation of Aflatoxin G ? 1 Kenneth C. Ehrlich *, Leslie L. Scharfenstein Jr., Beverly G. Montalbano and Perng-Kuang Chang * Southern Regional Research Center, 1100 Robert E. Lee Blvd, P.O. Box 19687, New Orleans, LA 70179, USA. E-Mails: les.scharfenstein@ (L.S.); beverly.montalbano@ (B.M.) * Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: ken.ehrlich@ (K.E.); perngkuang.chang@ (P.C.); Tel. +1-504-286-4369; Fax: +1-504-286-4419 Received: 6 August 2008; in revised form: 26 August 2008 / Accepted: 4 September 2008 / Published: 9 September 2008 Abstract: Aflatoxins, the most toxic and carcinogenic family of fungal secondary metabolites, are frequent contaminants of foods intended for human consumption. Previous studies showed that formation of G-group aflatoxins (AFs) from O- methylsterigmatocystin (OMST) by certain Aspergillus species involves oxidation by the cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, OrdA (AflQ) and CypA (AflU). However, some of the steps in the conversion have not yet been fully defined. Extracts of Aspergillus parasiticus disruption mutants of the OYE-FMN binding domain reductase-encoding gene nadA (aflY) contained a