机车驾驶室噪声分析与控制.doc

电力机车驾驶室噪声分析与控制 Noise analysis and control of electric locomotive cab 机电工程学院 热能与动力工程 满飞 200804331摘 要 随着现代科技的进步，噪声污染已成为全球三大环境污染问题之一。我国铁路高速、重载带来的列车行驶噪声问题也日趋突显。列车噪声多由牵引机车引起，而机车驾驶室噪声成为影响机车驾驶乘务员身心健康的重要因素。本文通过分析电力机车噪声对乘务员身体、心理的影响，说明了电力机车噪声控制对乘务员健康、机车行驶安全的重要性。并以HXⅠ型机车为研究对象，在介绍HXⅠ型机车整体布置和噪声识别技术的基础上，对电力机车司机室噪声的来源进行了深入分析、识别，并阐述了主要设备产生噪声的机理。然后介绍了常用的噪声测量仪器，对在HXⅠ型机车上进行的噪声动态测试结果进行了简要分析，得出了HXⅠ型机车轮轨、机械间、驾驶室的噪声频率特性。在噪声控制方面，针对分析结果从密封、驾驶室和噪声源的隔声、吸声、消声提出了有效的降噪解决办法和改进建议。最后，在有源控噪方面，结合有源噪声控制技术理论，提出并制定了应用于电力机车驾驶室噪声控制的有源控噪系统方案及设计思路原理框图。 关键词： HXⅠ；驾驶室；噪声；ANCAbstract With the progress of modern science and technology, noise pollution has become one of the three global environmental pollution problems. Brought about by Chinese railway’s high-speed, heavy haul, train noise problems are becoming increasingly prominent. Noise is usually caused by traction locomotives and locomotive cab noise become an important factor affecting the locomotive drivers crew of physical and mental health.Analyzing the noise of electric locomotive attendants effects of physical, mental, This article described the noise control of electric locomotive for crew health and importance of locomotive running safety. We researched HXⅠlocomotive for the study. Described in HXⅠlocomotive on the basis of overall arrangement and noise recognition technology, electric locomotive cab noise sources were analyzed in-depth, recognized and we expounded the noise mechanism of major equipment. And then described common noise measuring instruments, noise on the HXⅠ locomotive dynamic test and a brief analysis of the results. Then we come up with HXⅠ locomotive cab noise frequency between wheel and rail, mechanical and characteristics. In terms of noise control, for analyzing results from seals, cabs and noise source of sound insulation, sound absorption and effective noise reduction, we give solutions and suggestions for improvement. Finally, in terms of active noise control, combining with active noise control technology theory,