传染病3.4答题（Infectious diseases 3.4 questions）.doc

传染病3.4答题（Infectious diseases 3.4 questions） Assessment of infectious diseases nursing 3 1. describe the treatment principle of oliguria stage in patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. (1) strictly control the amount of input: the principle is measuring out is human, and less is less. The daily fluid intake was +500~700ml the previous day. (2) correct acidosis: 5% sodium bicarbonate intravenous drip. (3): furosemide, a diuretic, laxative from small start, gradually increase the amount of. At the same time, Magnesium Sulfate or given 20% mannitol oral rhubarb laxative. (4) dialysis therapy: for obvious azotemia, hyperkalemia and hypervolemia syndrome in patients on dialysis therapy, clinical use of hemodialysis. What are the 2. preventive measures of meningitis? (1) management of infectious sources: 3 days after the disappearance of the patients, the close contacts were observed for 7 days. (2): 1. Cut off the transmission should be to maintain the indoor air circulation, air disinfection is necessary and possible; the self protective measures, such as meningitis epidemics, to avoid people crowded public places, when they go out wearing masks. (3) protect susceptible crowd: (1) susceptible population adopts meningococcal A group polysaccharide vaccine to prevent inoculation. Take compound sulfamethoxazole (SMZco) for close contacts. 3. what are the clinical manifestations of toxic bacillary dysentery and shock? (1) abrupt onset, dangerously, sudden high fever (above 40 degrees), recurrent seizures and different degree of consciousness disorder. (2) the rapid occurrence of circulatory failure, appear listlessness, pale and clammy limbs, thready pulse, normal or low blood pressure. The late stage of microcirculatory stasis and hypoxia cyanosis, skin pattern, blood pressure decreased significantly, oliguria or anuria. (3) intestinal symptoms were slight or absent, and the leukocytes and erythrocytes were detected by enema or rectal swab. 4. briefly describe