肺部听诊（auscultation）.docVIP

肺部听诊（auscultation） 1. auscultation method: take the seat or lie in the examination, slightly open mouth, calm and breathe evenly. Check start from apex of lung auscultation, auscultation and order on the grounds, from the front side of the chest to the back, listen, at the same time should be around the upper and lower contrast. If necessary, ask the examiner to take a deep breath or cough several times after auscultation so as to identify the nature of the auscultation. For example, if you hear a small or asymmetrical tone, you may ask the patient to cough for a few minutes and then call the doctor, and if the rale disappears, it is suggested that it may be caused by airway secretions or accumulated factors. 2. normal breath sounds: the lungs of healthy people can hear the trachea, the sound of the trachea, the respiratory sounds of the bronchi, the breath sounds of the pulmonary alveoli and the breath sounds of the alveoli. (1) the respiratory sounds of the bronchus are very similar to the ha sound which is raised when the tongue is raised, and the mouth is breathing. The intensity is loud and the pitch is high. When it is inspiratory, it is weak and short, and the breath is strong and long. The ratio of inspiration and exhalation is 1:3. Normal bone in the throat cerebral fossa, sixth cervical vertebra and second thoracic vertebrae near the back can be heard, the more close to the trachea area more strong sound. (2): breath sound resembling a feel it when breathing husband sound, the sound of soft blowing, the tone is low; inhale sound strong, high tone, long time; exhale sound weak, low tone, time is short; inspiratory and expiratory ratio is 3:1. The majority of the normal lung population can be heard. (3) vesicular breath sounds: also called mixed breathing, a mixture of bronchial breath sounds and vesicular respiratory sounds. The intensity, tone, and time frame of the inspiratory and expiratory sounds are approximately equal. In general, the breath sounds of