动词及动词的时态与语态.docxVIP

动词及动词的时态与语态动词行为动词及物动词（）不及物动词（）连系动词助动词情态动词一、动词的种类二、动词的主要时态和语态的种类和构成现在时过去时将来时过去将来时一般do/doesdidshall/will doshould/would do进行am/is/are doingwas/were doingshall/will be doingshould/would be doing完成have/has donehad doneshall/will have doneshould/would have done完成进行have/has been doinghad been doingshall/will have been doingshould/would have been doing常用被动语态构成常用被动语态构成1一般现在时am/is/are done6过去进行时was/were being done2一般过去时was/were done7现在完成时have/has been done3一般将来时shall/will be done8过去完成时had been done4过去将来时should/would be done9将来完成时will/would have been done5现在进行时am/is/are being done10含有情态动词的can/must/may be askedI．动词八种基本时态的概述动词时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容，广大中学生在实际运用时，往往对时态总是倍感棘手，下面我们就归纳复习一下这几种时态。一、一般现在时：（经常性或习惯性的动作）【概念】经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况;客观真理科学事实；在时间,条件等状语从句中代替一般将来时。【基本结构】①be动词: ___________________ ②行为动词:__________________________否定形式：①am/is/are+ not; ②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加dont,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesnt，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。被动：am/is/are done【时间状语】always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc.e.g:1) You know the earth _______ around the sun.(move)2) He usually _____ basketball with his classmates.(play)3) I will tell you the news the moment I _____ it.( know)4) English ___________ widely in the world. (use)二、一般过去时：【概念】过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为; 在时间,条件等状语从句中代替过去将来时【基本结构】动词用过去式：规则变化在动词原形后加-ed; 不规则变化需要仔细记忆。否定形式：①was/were+not; ②在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。【时间状语】ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 被动：was/were donee.g: 1) Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s,when people ______ to enjoy the advantage of this new technology. ( begin)2) He _____________ to help us, but he refused. (ask)三、现在进行时：【概念】表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为；与等表示时间的副词always/constantly/forever/ all the time连用，表示说话人对主语的行为表示赞叹，赞许，表扬，抱怨，厌恶等情绪，体现出一定的感情色彩；表示按照计划安排好的将要进行的动作。