直接引语和间接引语讲与练.docVIP

直接引语和间接引语 　引述别人的原话叫直接引语，用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。一这两种引语都是宾语从句，但直接引语放在引号内，不用连词连接；间接引语不用引号，通常用连接词与主句连接. 典型例句：1. She said ,” I like English very much. “ （直接引语） （她说：“我非常喜欢英语”。） 典型例句：2. She said she liked English very much. （间接引语） （她说她非常喜欢英语。） 直接引语变间接引语（一）人称变化 　　人称变化可以遵循如下顺口溜“一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新”。　　“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化　　Eg：She said. “My brother wants to go with me.” 　 　→She said her brother wanted to go with her.　　“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称，或被第二人“你”所修饰，从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语，也可以用第一人称 　　Eg：He said to Kate，How is your sister now? 　　 →He asked Kate how her sister was then.　　“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化　　Eg：Mr. Smith said，“Jack is a good worker.”　 　→Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worker. 将下列直接引语变为间接引语 1.Miss Gao said,“I like living here.” Miss Gao said that living . 2.He said,“I’ll go tomorrow.” He said that he . 3.My mother said：“I am going to make dumplings”. __________________________. 4.She said：“I do homework every day.”____________________________________. 5.He said：“I will play basketball this night.” _________________________________. 直接引语变为间接引语（二）时态变化 　　直接引语在改为间接引语时，时态需要做相应的调整。其基本法则和我们刚刚学过的宾语从句的时态变化一致，也就是说从句时态要和主句时态一致。如果从句是过去时，主句要向后退一格时态，变成一种过去时。　　1. She said. “I have lost a pen.” →She said she had lost a pen. 　　2. She said. “We hope so.” →She said they hoped so. 　　3. She said,“He will go to see his friend。”　　　→She said he would go to see his friend. (一般将来 → 过去将来)　　　 但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。　　　 ①直接引语是客观真理。　　　Eg： “The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth”, the teacher told me.　　　 → The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。 　　　 ②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。 Eg：Jack said, “John, where were you going when I met you in the street?” 　　　→Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street.　　　 ③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某