宾语从句要点难点盘点.docxVIP

宾语从句要点盘点一、宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。如：Do?you?know?why?winter?is?colder?than?summer?你知道为什么冬季比夏季冷吗?二、宾语从句与主句的时态要相互呼应。主句是现在或将来时态时，从句可用任何所需要的时态。主句是过去时态时，从句要用表示过去的相应的时态。但如果从句中有明确表示过去的时间状语，则从句应用一般过去时，不用过去完成时；如从句表达的是客观规律或真理时，用一般现在时。如：He?said?he?had?finished?his?studies?when?the?war?broke?out.他说战争爆发时，他已经完成了学业。He?said?he?would?spend?his?holiday?in?Dalian.他说他将在大连度假。She?said?that?the?earth?moves?around?the?sun.她说地球围绕太阳转。三、如宾语从句有自己的宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而把宾语从句后置。其句型为：“主语+谓语+it+补足语+宾语从句”。如：??We?think?it?important?that?we?should?master?at?least?one?foreign?language.我们认为掌握至少一门外语是重要的。注意：(1)连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语，只用在except,but和in等少数几个介词后。其它一些介词的宾语从句如由连词that引导，则需用it先行一步，作形式宾语。如：????He?is?a?good?student?except?that?he?is?careless.他是个好学生，只不过有点粗心。See?to?it?that?children?dont?catch?cold.当心孩子别感冒了。?(2)that引导表语从句时，在句中无词义，只起连接作用，但不可省去。His?idea?is?that?we?should?go?there?at?once.他主张我们立即去那儿。四、连词whether可引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句，不可省。if引导宾语从句。???(1)宾语从句是肯定句时，whether,if可互换；但whether常和or?not连用，宾语从句是否定句时，一般用if引导。如：I?dont?know?if/whether?I?should?tell?you.不知我是否应告诉你。I?wonder?whether?it?is?true?or?not.不知这是不是真的。I?dont?care?if?it?doesnt?rain.天下不下雨我不会在乎。(2)作介词宾语时，只能用whether,不能用if。如：Everything?depends?on?whether?we?have?enough?experience.一切都取决于我们是否有足够的经验。五、that引导宾语从句时不可省的几种情况：?1.that宾语从句的状语部分位于从句前部时。I?promised?that?if?anyone?could?set?me?free,I?would?make?him?king?over?the?earth.我曾许诺如果有人把我放了，我就让他成为全世界的国王。2.当主句的状语部分位于that宾语从句前时。Abraham?Lincoln?later?said?himself?that?he?only?went?to?school?a?little?now?and?a?little?then.亚伯拉罕·林肯自己后来说他只不过是时断时续地接受教育。3.主句的谓语动词与宾语从句之间有插入语时。When?he?got?to?England,he?found,however,that?his?English?was?too?limited.然而当他到英国时，他发现他的英语很有限。4.当一个谓语动词带两个或两个以上的that引导的宾语从句时。??Then?he?said?that?French?was?the?most?beautiful?tongue?in?the?world,and?that?we?must?keep?it?among?us?and?never?forget?it.他说，法语是世界上最美的语言，我们必须坚持说法语，永远也不要忘记它。5.宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时。I?must?never?tell?anyone?that?I?could?not?see?the?cloth.我决不能告诉任何人我看不到那布。6.宾语从句的主语是this/that，或用this/that修饰主语时。He?said?that?that?was?a?good?idea.