通信机房火灾防护的设计.ppt

The Fire Risk for Telecommunication电信业存在的火灾风险 Fires in Telephone Exchanges or Central Offices (1989 to 1998): 发生在电话交换机房或中心机房的火灾（1989 – 1998） Approx. 30% of fires caused flame damage beyond the object of origin 大约30%的火灾所造成的损害已经远远超出了燃烧本身所产生的破坏 Over 60% of fires caused smoke damage beyond the object of origin 超过60%的火灾由于产生了大量烟雾而对处在火灾以外的物体造成了损害 Over 45% of fires deemed to be too small to activate “Automatic Detection Equipment” or no detector present 人们发现，超过45%的火灾火势非常弱小而不能触发“自动探测装置发出警报， 或者场所内根本没有安装探测器 Smoke damage to components烟雾对电气设备造成的损害 How can we reduce this risk?我们怎样才能降低这个风险呢？ Through detection of “thermal events” before smoke is visible: 通过对可见烟产生之前的发热现象进行探测 Overheating wire 导线过热 Fused circuit board components 电路板元件过热 Minimises damage: 将损害减至最低 Prevent Fire 防止火灾的发生 Prevent smoke contamination 防止烟污染 Prevent suppressants being used 防止灭火系统的启动 Smoke Obscuration烟雾的遮光率 Testing for Very Early Warning对于极早期预警系统的测试方法 Paper Basket Fire = 4 kW (UL standard test uses 3 sheets) 废纸篓燃烧= 4 kW （美国UL标准测试使用3张纸） BS6266 (1m wire) = 1.0 kW 英国BS6266标准（1米电线） = 1.0 kW VESDA Hot Wire Test = 40W VESDA过热电线测试= 40W Single Resistor = 10 Watts 单个电阻= 10 Watts Design Criteria 设计时需要考虑的要素 Aspirating Smoke Detection for Telecom World Wide全球电信领域空气采样早期探测规范 CW Standard ATT Standard Telstra Standard Optus Standard BFPSA ASD Code VFS ASD Code Standards World Wide国际通行标准 USA - NFPA 76 “Standard for the Protection of Telecommunications Facilities” 美国-NFPA76 “通讯设施防火标准” “Every type of sensor and port installed in a space shall be limited to a maximum coverage area of 20 sq.meter “各种类型的探测器和端点在场所内安装时都必须限定在每个点的最大保护面积为20平方米的范围内” USA - NFPA 72 “National Fire Code” 美国-NFPA72 “国家火灾规范” area coverage for spot type detectors to be reduced within high airflow environments to as low as 11.5 m2 per detector for rooms that have 60 air changes per hour. 在高气流环境下，当房间内的换气率达到每小时60次时，点式探测器每个探头的保护面积要降至11.5平方米 British Standard - BS6266 英国