三叶香茶菜种子发芽特性探究.docVIP

三叶香茶菜种子发芽特性探究 　 作者：梁子宁　阎志刚　王勤　朱意磷　吴庆华 【摘要】 目的探讨三叶香茶菜种子的发芽特性。方法在不同温度、光照、pH值、水势、播深、发芽床、盐处理、贮藏方式下考察三叶香茶菜种子发芽特性。结果三叶香茶菜种子在20～30℃条件下萌发率较高，其中在25℃下，萌发率达90.0%。种子的pH值适应范围较小，在pH值为4～6时，萌发率较高，为79.8%～82.3%。最适萌发水势为-0.2 MPa，萌发率达90.5%，而最适播深为0～2 cm，出苗率达84.3%。在不同的发芽床中，纸上（TP）处理的发芽率最高，为91.3%。光照和赤霉素处理有利于种子的萌发；在冰箱和干燥器中保存，可以较长时间保持种子的活力。结论三叶香茶菜种子适应性相对较低，但萌发率高，合适的贮藏方式可保持较长时间。 【关键词】 三叶香茶菜；种子；发芽特性 　　Abstract：ObjectiveTo study the germination characteristics of the seeds of Rabdosia ternifolia (D.Don) Hara.MethodsGermination characteristics of the seeds were investigated in diffenent temperature, illumination, pH, solution potential, soil depth, germinating beds, salt treatment and storage mode.ResultsThe suitable range of temperature of the seeds was from 20℃ to 30℃, in 25℃ condition the germination rate was 90.0%. The seeds had narrow adaptability to the solution pH from 4 to 6, in this range, the germination rate was 79.8% to 82.3%. The most suitable solution potential of emergence was -0.2 mPa, with germination rate of 90.5%, and the most suitable soil depth was from 0 to 2 cm, with germination rate of 84.3%. In different germinating beds, the seeds on paper(TP) with the highest rates of germination, which was 91.3%. Illumination and gibberellin were conducive to the germination of the seeds. Storage in refrigerator and dryer could maintain the vitality of seeds for a longer time.ConclusionThe adaptability of seed, but germination rate is high. Suitable storage mode can keep the vitality for a long time. 　　Key words：Rabdosia ternifolia (D.Don) Hara; Seed; Germination characteristics 　　对中草药生物学特性的认识是实现中药材规范化种植研究的重要内容之一,也是近年来研究的热点。因此, 对各种中草药种子萌发特性的研究不断受到重视。 　　三叶香茶菜为唇形科植物牛尾菜Rabdosia ternifolia (D.Don) Hara，又名三姐妹、细叶香茶菜、牛尾草、伤寒头。药用全草，味微苦，性凉。具有清热解毒、退黄利湿、消肿、化痰止咳的作用［1，2］。 主要分布在广西河池、百色、南宁、玉林、梧州等地区，是广西特色中药材之一［3］。 　　三叶香茶菜对治疗乙肝有着明显的疗效,是复方三叶香茶菜片中的君药［4］。目前，随着复方三叶香茶菜片等中成药产品的成功开发，对药材的需求量大增，野生资源已不能满足市场需求。探讨三叶香茶菜野生变家种的途径势在必行,因此，从2004年起，笔者对三叶香茶菜种子发芽条件进行了初步研究，为田间大批量家种提供参考。 　　1 材料与仪器 本实验所用三叶香茶菜种子均为2005年采