军队干部病房医院感染危险因素及防治对策探究.docVIP

军队干部病房医院感染危险因素及防治对策探究 　 作者：张彦，陈代陆，余德文，张树荣 【摘要】 目的 了解军队干部病房医院感染危险因素，为制定切实可行控制措施，完善监控系统提供依据。方法 采用描述性、分析性研究与定性访谈相结合的方法，对2005年军干病房医院感染危险因素进行单因素和多因素分析。结果 军干病房医院感染率为9.91%。医院感染病人平均年龄78.09±7.49岁，平均住院日52天，呼吸道感染占81.41%。住院天数、肿瘤、肾功能不全、使用放疗和化疗、泌尿道插管、动静脉插管、气管插管和使用呼吸机、胃肠道插管、使用胃酸抑制剂、使用抗生素、报病危、手术等均能增加医院感染的危险性。结论 军干病房医院感染的防控应进一步提高全员防感染意识，了解医院感染的危害性和防治方法，尽量缩短住院时间，加强病室环境管理；加强呼吸道、留置导尿、留置静脉导管等关键部位的管理；保护患者肾脏功能。 【关键词】 军队医院；干部病房；医院感染；危险因素；防治 　　ABSTRACT Objective To study the risk factors of nosocomial infection in army cardreswards so as to provide the basis for making out feasible controlling measures and for comsummating the monitoring system. Methods Descriptive and analytic studies combined with qualitative interviews were applied and urivariate and multivariate analysis were made to the risk factors of nosocomial infection in army cardres? wards in 2005. Results The rate of nosocomial infection in army cardres? wards was 9.91%, the average age was 78.09±7.49, the average time for hospitalization was 52 days; respiratory tract infection took up 81.4%, the following played certain role in increasing the danger of nosocomial infection: the days of hospitalization, renal insufficiency, radiotherapy and chemicotherapy, catheterization in urinary tract, venous cannula, tracheal and gastrointestinal tract intubation, application of respirator, administration of inhibitor of gastric acid secretion and antibiotics, or being sick into death. Conclusions Further Education on nosocomial infection should be carried out, especially on the danger and prevention of nosocomial infection; the time for hospitalization should be possibly shortened; the control of the ward environment should be strengthened; more attention should be paid to respiratory tract, indwelling urinary catheter, indwelling venous catheter as well as the renal function of the patients. 　　KEYWORDS military hospital army cardres’ wards nosocomial infection risk factor prevention and treatment 　　随着现代医学和医院的发展，医院感染已成为当今突出的公