ossification process involving the human thoracic ligamentum flavum role of transcription factors涉及人类胸韧带骨化过程flavum转录因子的作用.pdfVIP

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ossification process involving the human thoracic ligamentum flavum role of transcription factors涉及人类胸韧带骨化过程flavum转录因子的作用.pdf

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ossification process involving the human thoracic ligamentum flavum role of transcription factors涉及人类胸韧带骨化过程flavum转录因子的作用

Uchida et al. Arthritis Research Therapy 2011, 13:R144 /content/13/5/R144 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Ossification process involving the human thoracic ligamentum flavum: role of transcription factors 1† 1*† 1,2 1 1 Kenzo Uchida , Takafumi Yayama , Hong-Xin Cai , Hideaki Nakajima , Daisuke Sugita , 1,3 1 1 1,4 1 Alexander Rodríguez Guerrero , Shigeru Kobayashi , Ai Yoshida , Ke-Bing Chen and Hisatoshi Baba Abstract Introduction: Ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF) of the spine is associated with serious neurologic compromise, but the pathomechanism of this process remains unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the pathomechanism of the ossification process, including the roles of various transcriptional factors in the ossification of human thoracic ligamentum flavum. Methods: Sections of the thoracic ligamentum flavum were obtained from 31 patients with OLF who underwent posterior thoracic decompression, and from six control patients free of OLF. Cultured ligamentum flavum cells (n = 6, each) were examined with real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis for Sry-type high-mobility group box 9 (Sox9), runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), muscle segment homeobox 2 (Msx2), Osterix, distal-less homeobox 5 (Dlx5), and AP-1. The harvested sections were examined with hematoxylin-eosin, the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end-labeling (TUNEL) method, and immunohistochemistry for the transcriptional factors. Results: Compared with the control, the OLF showed disorga