over-the-counter biosensors past, present, and future场外生物传感器的过去、现在和未来.pdfVIP

Sensors 2008, 8, 5535-5559; DOI: 10.3390/s8095535 OPEN ACCESS sensors ISSN 1424-8220 /sensors Review Over-the-Counter Biosensors: Past, Present, and Future Thomas Ming-Hung Lee Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong; E-mail: htmhlee@.hk; Tel.: (852)-2766-4931; Fax: (852)-2362-4365 Received:19 Aug 2008; in revised form: 28 Aug 2008 / Accepted: 3 Sep 2008 / Published: 6 September 2008 Abstract: The demand for specific, low cost, rapid, sensitive and easy detection of biomolecules is huge. A well-known example is the glucose meters used by diabetics to monitor their blood glucose levels. Nowadays, a vast majority of the glucose meters are based on electrochemical biosensor technology. The inherent small size and simple construction of the electrochemical transducer and instrument are ideally suited for point- of-care biosensing. Besides glucose, a wide variety of electrochemical biosensors have been developed for the measurements of some other key metabolites, proteins, and nucleic acids. Nevertheless, unlike the glucose meters, limited success has been achieved for the commercialization of the protein and nucleic acid biosensors. In this review article, key technologies on the electrochemical detection of key metabolites, proteins, and DNAs are discussed in detail, with particular emphasi