photochemical transformations of tetrazole derivatives applications in organic synthesis光化学转换的四唑衍生物在有机合成的应用程序.pdfVIP
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photochemical transformations of tetrazole derivatives applications in organic synthesis光化学转换的四唑衍生物在有机合成的应用程序
Molecules 2010, 15, 3757-3774; doi:10.3390/molecule
OPEN ACCESS
molecules
ISSN 1420-3049
/journal/molecules
Review
Photochemical Transformations of Tetrazole Derivatives:
Applications in Organic Synthesis
Luís Miguel Teodoro Frija 1, Amin Ismael 2 and Maria Lurdes Santos Cristiano 2,*
1 CQFM - Centro de Química-Física Molecular, IN - Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology,
Departamento de Engenharia Química e Biológica, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais 1,
1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; E-Mail: luisfrija@ist.utl.pt
2 Departmento de Química e Farmácia, FCT, and CCMAR, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de
Gambelas, 8005-039 Faro, Portugal
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: mcristi@ualg.pt;
Tel.: +351-289-800-100; Fax: +351-289-819-403.
Received: 8 April 2010; in revised form: 1 May 2010 / Accepted: 21 May 2010 /
Published: 25 May 2010
Abstract: Tetrazoles remain a challenge to photochemists. Photolysis leads to cleavage of
the tetrazolyl ring, may involve various photodegradation pathways and may produce a
diversity of photoproducts, depending on the structure and conformational flexibility of the
substituents and the possibility of tautomerism. If the photochemistry of tetrazoles is
considered within the frame of synthetic applications the subject is even more challenging,
since the ultimate goal is to achieve selectivity and high yield. In addition, the
photoproducts must remain stable and allow isolation or trapping, i
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