phylogeny of cirsium spp. in north america host specificity does not follow phylogeny在北美的发展史cirsium种虫害宿主特异性不遵循发展史.pdf

Plants 2012, 1, 61-73; doi:10.3390/plants 1020061 OPEN ACCESS p lants ISSN 2223-7747 /journal/plants Article Phylogeny of Cirsium spp. in North America: Host Specificity Does Not Follow Phylogeny Tracey A. Bodo Slotta 1, David P. Horvath 2 and Michael E. Foley 2,* 1 Biology Department, American University, 4400 Massachusetts Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20016, USA; E-Mail: tracey.slotta@ 2 Sunflower and Plant Biology Research Unit, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, 1605 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND 58102, USA; E-Mail: david.horvath@ * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: michael.foley@; Tel.: +1-701-239-1322; Fax: +1-701-239-1346. Received: 30 August 2012; in revised form: 11 October 2012 / Accepted: 17 October 2012 / Published: 24 October 2012 Abstract: Weedy invasive Cirsium spp. are widespread in temperate regions of North America and some of their biological control agents have attacked native Cirsium spp. A phylogenetic tree was developed from DNA sequences for the internal transcribed spacer and external transcribed spacer regions from native and non-native Great Plains Cirsium spp. and other thistles to determine if host specificity follows phylogeny. The monophyly of Cirsium spp. and Carduus within the tribe Cardinae was confirmed with native North American and European lineages of the Cirsium spp. examined. We did not detect interspecific hybridization between the introduced invasive and the native North American