preterm birth and small for gestational age in relation to alcohol consumption during pregnancy stronger associations among vulnerable women results from two large western-european studies早产和小胎龄与怀孕期间饮酒之间的强关联脆弱的女性从两个大型和西欧研究结果.pdfVIP

Pfinder et al. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2013, 13:49 /1471-2393/13/49 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Preterm birth and small for gestational age in relation to alcohol consumption during pregnancy: stronger associations among vulnerable women? results from two large Western-European studies 1,2,3* 2 3 4,5 2 Manuela Pfinder , Anton E Kunst , Reinhold Feldmann , Manon van Eijsden and Tanja G M Vrijkotte Abstract Background: Inconsistent data on the association between prenatal alcohol exposure and a range of pregnancy outcomes, such as preterm birth (PTB) and small for gestational age (SGA) raise new questions. This study aimed to assess whether the association between low-moderate prenatal alcohol exposure and PTB and SGA differs according to maternal education, maternal mental distress or maternal smoking. Methods: The Amsterdam Born Children and their Development (ABCD) Study (N = 5,238) and the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS) (N = 16,301) are both large studies. Women provide information on alcohol intake in early pregnancy, 3 months postpartum and up to 17 years retrospectively. Multivariate logistic regression analyses and stratified regression analyses were performed to examine the association between prenatal alcohol exposure and PTB and SGA, respectively. Results: No association was found between any level of prenatal alcohol exposure (non-daily, daily, non-abstaining) and SGA. The offspring of daily drinkers and non-abstainers had a lower risk of PTB [ABCD: odds ratio (OR) 0.31, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.13, 0.77; KiGGS: OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.57, 0.99]. Interactions with maternal education, maternal distress or maternal