production of biosorbents from waste olive cake and its adsorption characteristics for zn2+ ion从废物生产biosorbents橄榄蛋糕和zn2 +离子的吸附特性.pdf

Sustainability 2009, 1, 277-297; doi:10.3390/su1020277 OPEN ACCESS sustainability ISSN 2071-1050 /journal/sustainability Article Production of Biosorbents from Waste Olive Cake and Its Adsorption Characteristics for Zn2+ Ion Ana Fernando 1,*, Sofia Monteiro 1, Filomena Pinto 2 and Benilde Mendes 1 1 Grupo de Disciplinas de Ecologia da Hidrosfera/Unidade de Biotecnologia Ambiental, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; E-Mail: pereira_sofia@sapo.pt (S.M.); bm@fct.unl.pt (B.M.) 2 Departamento de Engenharia Energética e Controle Ambiental, INETI, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, 22, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal; E-Mail: filomena.pinto@ineti.pt * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-mail: ala@fct.unl.pt Received: 7 May 2009 / Accepted: 1 June 2009 / Published: 4 June 2009 Abstract: In this study, waste olive cake (OC) was utilized as the raw material for the production of biosorbents by chemical treatment and its adsorption capacity for zinc ion was evaluated. Tests were conducted with the total biomass (T) and with the fraction 2.00 mm (P), in order to determinate the influence of this fractionation step on subsequent treatments. Two chemical agents were used: sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide. The parameters studied include physical and chemical properties of materials, contact time, pH, adsorbent dose and initial concentrations. The kinetic data were best fitted to the pseudo- second o