resistance of livestock to viruses mechanisms and strategies for genetic engineering电阻的牲畜为基因工程病毒机制和策略.pdf

Review Resistance of livestock to viruses: mechanisms and strategies for genetic engineering JS Gavora Centre for Food and Animal Research, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON KIA OC6 Canada (Received 26 March 1996; accepted 13 August 1996) Summary - This communication aims to inform readers from research and industry about the possibilities of developing genetic engineering strategies for improvement of resistance to viruses in livestock. It briefly reviews coevolution of hosts and parasites, principal elements of virus-host interactions, existing resistance mechanisms, and conventional methods for improvement of disease resistance. Research results from genetic engineering of new resistance mechanisms in both plants and animals, as well as investigation of possible risks and ’biological cost’ of such mechanisms are summarized as a background for the discussion of prerequisites and strategies for future genetic engineering of resistance to viruses in livestock. It is concluded that, while conventional breeding methods will remain the principal approach to the improvement of disease resistance, in some instances the introduction of new, genetically engineered resistance mechanisms may be justified. livestock / virus / resistance mechanism / genetic engineering Résumé - Résistance des animaux de ferme aux virus: mécanismes et stratégies de génie génétique. Cette mise au point vise à informer les chercheurs et les professionnels des le améliorer la résistance aux virus des possibilités qu’offre génie génétique pour animaux de ferme. Le rapport passe en revue la coévolution hôté-parasité, les principau! aspects des interactions virus-hôte, les mécanisme