secondary mineral formation associated with respiration of nontronite, nau-1 by iron reducing bacteria次生矿物的形成与呼吸有关绿脱石,nau-1铁还原菌.pdfVIP

GEOCHEMICAL TRANSACTIONS VOLUME 6, NUMBER 4 DECEMBER 2005 Secondary mineral formation associated with respiration of nontronite, NAu-1 by iron reducing bacteria S. Erin O’Reilly, Janet Watkins, and Yoko Furukawaa Naval Research Laboratory, Seafloor Sciences Branch, Stennis Space Center, Mississippi 39529 Received 10 May 2005; accepted 30 August 2005; published 24 October 2005 Experimental batch and miscible-flow cultures were studied in order to determine the mechanistic pathways of microbial FeIII respiration in ferruginous smectite clay, NAu-1. The primary purpose was to resolve if alteration of smectite and release of Fe precedes microbial respiration. Alteration of NAu-1, represented by the morphological and mineralogical changes, occurred regardless of the extent of microbial FeIII reduction in all of our experimental systems, including those that contained heat-killed bacteria and those in which O2, rather than FeIII, was the primary terminal electron acceptor. The solid alteration products observed under transmission electron microscopy included poorly crystalline smectite with diffuse electron diffraction signals, discrete grains of Fe-free amorphous aluminosilicate with increased Al/Si ratio, Fe-rich grains, and amorphous Si globules in the immediate vicinity of bacterial cells and extracellular polymeric substances. In reducing systems, Fe was also found as siderite. The small amount of Fe partitioned to the aqueous phase was primarily in the form of dissolved FeIII species even in the systems in which FeIII was the primary terminal electron acceptor for microbial respiration. From these observations, we conclude that microb