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Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2002, 3, 1027-1038 International Journal of Molecular Sciences ISSN 1422-0067 © 2002 by MDPI /ijms/ SELDI-TOF-MS Analysis of Transcriptional Activation Protein Binding to Response Elements Regulating Carcinogenesis Enzymes 1 2 2 1 Steve R. Bischoff , Mahfuz B.Kahn , Michael D. Powell , Ward G. Kirlin * 1Departments of Pharmacology/Toxicology 2Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta GA 30310. Tel.: 404-752-1709, Fax: 404-752-1164, E-mail: kirlin@ *Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Received: 7 June 2002 / Accepted: 31 October 2002 / Published: 31 October 2002 Abstract: The risk from chemical carcinogens and environmental toxins is dependent on the metabolic balance between bioactivation and detoxification enzymes. Therefore, agents that alter enzyme expression are critical factors in toxicity. Enhancement or suppression of enzyme activities through gene expression is in part regulated by interactions between specific DNA promoter response elements and specific transcription proteins. DNA-protein interactions are dependent upon translocation of proteins from the cytoplasm to the nucleus and the affinity of proteins for binding to transcription promoter sequences. A key factor in both processes is the intracellular redox state, which influences protein-prote