托福独立写作讲义2文章结构.docVIP

一．开头段落——分析论题法 引人入胜法 二．主体段落 1. 整体结构——三段式 两段式 Ⅰ 主题句（topic sentence） 根据下列主题写出主题句 Topic: Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Business should do anything they can to make a profit. → I disagree! The most important thing that business need to realize is that they have to give priority to the rights of the customers. Equally important, the benefits of the employees must be respected. Business ought to pay careful attention to the quality of nature environment. Ⅱ支持性细节 ★常规事例法：Topic1: Some famous athletes and entertainers earn millions of dollars every year. Do you think they deserve that high salary? In the first place, famous entertainers or athletes are more talented than common people. Their high incomes are rewards for their talents. We may take Yao Ming, a Chinese NBA superstar, for example. It was reported that Yao made nearly 20 million dollars in 2006. Why could Yao get such a high salary? It is because Yao has huge talents. With a height of 2.26 meters, Yao is considered one of the most powerful centre forwards of the NBA. That is to say, he is the best player and he deserves the best salary. 还想进一步拓展段落 ▲总结原因： Why + (问题) … The reason why… ▲总结结果： Consequently, Therefore, As a result, Topic2： 2008.2.24 同2006.10.29Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Renewable resources of energy (sun, wind, water) will soon replace resources of fossil fuels (gas, oil and coal). ▲可再生能源能否在不久之后替代化石燃料？ 中心论点： 同意：会替代！ 因为：替代，有利于人类生存和发展。 ①化石燃料破坏环境 ②化石燃料逐渐枯竭 ③化石燃料的使用导致很多社会问题。 化石燃料的使用破坏生态环境，威胁人类生存。 例：煤炭。 煤炭的使用会产生 ①CO2等→全球变暖→海平面上升、洪涝、干旱 ②SO2等→ 酸雨 → 破坏森林、污染水 The using of fossil fuels has damaged the environment and threatened human beings’ existence. A good example of this is coal, the most popular energy resource. When coal is burned as fuel, it gives off carbon dioxide, the main greenhouse gas that is linked with global warming. An increase in world temperatures causes broa