stress recovery during exposure to nature sound and environmental noise压力恢复期间暴露于自然声音和环境噪声.pdfVIP

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2010, 7, 1036-1046; doi:10.3390/ijerph7031036 OPEN ACCESS International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ISSN 1660-4601 /journal/ijerph Article Stress Recovery during Exposure to Nature Sound and Environmental Noise Jesper J. Alvarsson *, Stefan Wiens and Mats E. Nilsson Gösta Ekman Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; E-Mails: sws@psychology.su.se (S.W.); mats.nilsson@psychology.su.se (M.E.N.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: jesper.alvarsson@psychology.su.se; Tel.: +46-8-158-659; Fax: +46- 8-165-522. Received: 26 January 2010; in revised form: 20 February 2010 / Accepted: 5 March 2010 / Published: 11 March 2010 Abstract: Research suggests that visual impressions of natural compared with urban environments facilitate recovery after psychological stress. To test whether auditory stimulation has similar effects, 40 subjects were exposed to sounds from nature or noisy environments after a stressful mental arithmetic task. Skin conductance level (SCL) was used to index sympathetic activation, and high frequency heart rate variability (HF HRV) was used to index parasympathetic activation. Although HF HRV showed no effects, SCL recovery tended to be faster during natural sound than noisy environments. These