super-aggregations of krill and humpback whales in wilhelmina bay, antarctic peninsulasuper-aggregations威廉敏娜的磷虾和座头鲸湾,南极半岛.pdfVIP

下载本文档

5
0
约3.68万字
约 5页
2017-11-02 发布于上海
举报
版权申诉

super-aggregations of krill and humpback whales in wilhelmina bay, antarctic peninsulasuper-aggregations威廉敏娜的磷虾和座头鲸湾,南极半岛.pdf

1、原创力文档（book118）网站文档一经付费（服务费），不意味着购买了该文档的版权，仅供个人/单位学习、研究之用，不得用于商业用途，未经授权，严禁复制、发行、汇编、翻译或者网络传播等，侵权必究。。
2、本站所有内容均由合作方或网友上传，本站不对文档的完整性、权威性及其观点立场正确性做任何保证或承诺！文档内容仅供研究参考，付费前请自行鉴别。如您付费，意味着您自己接受本站规则且自行承担风险，本站不退款、不进行额外附加服务；查看《如何避免下载的几个坑》。如果您已付费下载过本站文档，您可以点击这里二次下载。
3、如文档侵犯商业秘密、侵犯著作权、侵犯人身权等，请点击“版权申诉”（推荐），也可以打举报电话：400-050-0827(电话支持时间：9:00-18:30)。
4、该文档为VIP文档，如果想要下载，成为VIP会员后，下载免费。
5、成为VIP后，下载本文档将扣除1次下载权益。下载后，不支持退款、换文档。如有疑问请联系我们。
6、成为VIP后，您将拥有八大权益，权益包括：VIP文档下载权益、阅读免打扰、文档格式转换、高级专利检索、专属身份标志、高级客服、多端互通、版权登记。
7、VIP文档为合作方或网友上传，每下载1次，网站将根据用户上传文档的质量评分、类型等，对文档贡献者给予高额补贴、流量扶持。如果你也想贡献VIP文档。上传文档

super-aggregations of krill and humpback whales in wilhelmina bay, antarctic peninsulasuper-aggregations威廉敏娜的磷虾和座头鲸湾,南极半岛

Super-Aggregations of Krill and Humpback Whales in Wilhelmina Bay, Antarctic Peninsula 1 1 1 1,2 1 Douglas P. Nowacek *, Ari S. Friedlaender , Patrick N. Halpin , Elliott L. Hazen , David W. Johnston , 1 3 4 4 Andrew J. Read , Boris Espinasse , Meng Zhou , Yiwu Zhu 1 Nicholas School of the Environment and Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University Marine Laboratory, Beaufort, North Carolina, United States of America, 2 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Pacific Fisheries Environmental Lab and University of Hawaii JIMAR, Pacific Grove, California, United States of America, ´ ´ ´ ´ ´ ´ 3 Laboratoire d’Oceanographie Physique et Biogeochimique, Centre Oceanologique de Marseille, CNRS, Universite de la Mediterranee, Campus de Luminy, Marseille, France, 4 Department of Environment, Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America Abstract Ecological relationships of krill and whales have not been explored in the Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP), and have only rarely been studied elsewhere in the Southern Ocean. In the austral autumn we observed an extremely high density (5.1 whales per km2) of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) feeding on a super-aggregation of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) in Wilhelmina Bay. The krill biomass was approximately 2 million tons, distributed over an area of 100 km2 at densities of up to 2000 individuals m23; reports of