superantigen profiles of emm and emm-like typeable and nontypeable pharyngeal streptococcal isolates of south india超级抗原电解加工的概要文件和emm-like typeable和nontypeable咽部链球菌分离株的南印度.pdfVIP

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superantigen profiles of emm and emm-like typeable and nontypeable pharyngeal streptococcal isolates of south india超级抗原电解加工的概要文件和emm-like typeable和nontypeable咽部链球菌分离株的南印度.pdf

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superantigen profiles of emm and emm-like typeable and nontypeable pharyngeal streptococcal isolates of south india超级抗原电解加工的概要文件和emm-like typeable和nontypeable咽部链球菌分离株的南印度

Anand et al. Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials 2012, 11:3 /content/11/1/3 RESEARCH Open Access Superantigen profiles of emm and emm-like typeable and nontypeable pharyngeal streptococcal isolates of South India 1 1,2 1 1* Thangarajan Durai Anand , Thangamani Rajesh , Jeyaprakash Rajendhran and Paramasamy Gunasekaran Abstract Background: The major virulence factors determining the pathogenicity of streptococcal strains include M protein encoded by emm and emm-like (emmL) genes and superantigens. In this study, the distribution of emm, emmL and superantigen genes was analyzed among the streptococcal strains isolated from the patients of acute pharyngitis. Methods: The streptococcal strains were isolated from the throat swabs of 1040 patients of acute pharyngitis. The emm and emmL genes were PCR amplified from each strain and sequenced to determine the emm types. The dot- blot hybridization was performed to confirm the pathogens as true emm nontypeable strains. The presence of eleven currently known superantigens was determined in all the strains by multiplex PCR. Results: Totally, 124 beta-hemolytic streptococcal strains were isolated and they were classified as group A streptococcus (GAS) [15.3% (19/124)], group C streptococcus (GCS) [59.7% (74/124)] and group G streptococcus (GGS) [25.0% (31/124)]. Among 124 strains, only 35 strains were emm typeable and the remaining 89 strains were emm nontypeable. All GAS isolates were typeable, whereas most of the GCS and GGS strains were nontypeable. These nontypeable strains belong to S. anginosus [75.3% (67/89)] and S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis [24.7% (22/89)]. The emm and emmL types identified