vertical distribution and migration patterns of nautilus pompilius鹦鹉螺堪的垂直分布和迁移模式.pdfVIP

Vertical Distribution and Migration Patterns of Nautilus pompilius 1 2 3 Andrew J. Dunstan *, Peter D. Ward , N. Justin Marshall 1 School of Biomedical Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, 2 Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, 3 Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Abstract Vertical depth migrations into shallower waters at night by the chambered cephalopod Nautilus were first hypothesized early in the early 20th Century. Subsequent studies have supported the hypothesis that Nautilus spend daytime hours at depth and only ascend to around 200 m at night. Here we challenge this idea of a universal Nautilus behavior. Ultrasonic telemetry techniques were employed to track eleven specimens of Nautilus pompilius for variable times ranging from one to 78 days at Osprey Reef, Coral Sea, Australia. To supplement these observations, six remotely operated vehicle (ROV) dives were conducted at the same location to provide 29 hours of observations from 100 to 800 meter depths which sighted an additional 48 individuals, including five juveniles, all deeper than 489 m. The resulting data suggest virtually continuous, nightly movement between depths of 130 to 700 m, with daytime behavior split between either virtual stasis in the relatively shallow 160–225 m depths or active foraging in depths between 489 to 700 m. The findings also extend the known habitable depth range of Nautilus to 700 m, demonstrate juvenile distribution within the same habitat as adults and document daytime feeding behavior. These data support a hypothesis that, contrary to previously observed diurnal patt