脑干出血的问题（The problem of brain stem hemorrhage）.docVIP

脑干出血的问题（The problem of brain stem hemorrhage） Brainstem hemorrhage is rare in clinic, accounting for about 10% [1] of all brain hemorrhage. The incidence of the disease is urgent, the condition is serious, the prognosis is bad, and the incidence of the disease is gradually increasing. Because the pathogenesis is not very clear, complex clinical symptoms, clinical often easy to be misdiagnosed, poor treatment. In the past ten years, the development of neuroscience has brought about a new understanding of the brain stem. A great deal of basic and clinical studies have been made on the pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and prevention measures, and remarkable progress has been made. This article reviews the etiology, pathology, clinical manifestation, diagnosis and treatment and prevention of brain stem hemorrhage. 1 the cause of 1.1 primary brainstem hemorrhage hypertension is a major cause of brainstem hemorrhage, domestic data reported for 78.1% 2, a small number of patients with increased blood lipids or a history of coronary heart disease, diabetes, cerebral infarction, all these factors are associated with cerebral atherosclerosis, the cerebral atherosclerosis is the secondary cause of brainstem hemorrhage in 3. Others are associated with intracranial aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations, coagulopathy, oral contraceptives, and anticoagulation [4]. The incidence rate of male is higher than that of female, and the reason may be related to the individual life habit before illness, such as smoking, drinking, heavy physical labor and health condition [5]. 1.2 secondary brain stem hemorrhage secondary brain stem hemorrhage and brain stem tissue around the brain stem compression speed, and surrounding tissue lesions of the location, size, nature of the relationship. Secondary brain stem hemorrhage occurs mostly in the upper midbrain and upper pons. About half of the patients were secondary to deep cerebral hemorrhage. Secondary brain stem hemorrhage due to cerebral in