环境中二苯甲酮类紫外稳定剂风险评估.docVIP

环境中二苯甲酮类紫外稳定剂的风险评估研究进展 刘欢王朝英吴立冬韩刚李晋成 (1. 中国水产科学研究院质量与标准研究中心北京100141;2. 农业部水产品质量安全控制重点实验室北京100141) 摘 要: 二苯甲酮类紫外稳定剂是一类新型环境污染物, 已经在环境中检出, 严重威胁了人体健康和生态系统。然而, 国内对环境中二苯甲酮类紫外稳定剂风险评估仍显不足。本文从危害识别、危害特征描述、暴露评估方面和相关政策法规等方面系统介绍了环境中二苯甲酮类紫外稳定剂的来源、危害及残留状况。针对目前环境中二苯甲酮类紫外稳定剂风险评估研究现状, 提出了进一步深入开展水产品中二苯甲酮类紫外稳定剂风险评估的建议。 关键词二苯甲酮类紫外稳定剂; 环境; 风险评估 progress onrisk assessment of benzophenone-type UV filters in environment LIU Huan, WANG Chao-Ying, WU Li-Dong, HAN Gang, LI Jin-Cheng* (1. Quality and Standard Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing 100141, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100141, China) ABSTRACT: Benzophenone-type UV filters are a new kind of environmental pollutants which havebeen found in the environment, and have caused a serious threat to human health and ecosystem. However, the risk assessment of benzophenone-type UV filters in environment is still insufficient in China. This paper systematically introduced the source, harm and residues of benzophenone-type UV filtersthrough hazard identification, hazard characterization, exposure assessment, relevant policies and regulations. Aiming at the present status of risk assessment of benzophenone-type UV filters in environment, some suggestions wereproposed for further risk assessment studying onbenzophenone-type UV filters in aquatic products. KEY WORDS: benzophenone-type UV filters; environment; risk assessment 1 引言 随着城市现代化高速发展, 新型的有机污染物受到了越来越多的关注, 如多氯联苯(polychlorinated biphenyls, PCBs)、多溴联苯醚(polybrominateddiphenyl ethers, PBDEs)、个人护理品(personal care products, PCPs)等[1, 2]。目前, 大部分新型有机污染物在地表水、污水、底泥等环境中已经被广泛检出。虽然检出浓度较低, 但在环境中性质非常稳定, 残留周期很长, 且可能具有致畸、致突变等生物毒性, 对人类健康造成很大风险。二苯甲酮类紫外稳定剂是PCPs中非常重要的一种, 其经过生物迁移累积到人体和生物体可能导致遗传毒性和内分泌干扰效应[3], 已经受到了人们的重视。如德国2011年曾宣布召回从比利时进口的面条, 主要原因是包装上印刷油墨所含有的二苯甲酮污染了面条, 导致冷冻细面条二苯甲酮检出含量高达1747 μg/kg[4]。 风险评估是一个以科学为依据的过程, 国际食品法典委员会(CodexAlimentariusCommission, CAC)认为其由危害识别(hazard identification)、危害特征描述(hazard