第二篇“英译汉常用技巧”教案大纲汇总探索.doc

第一讲 英译汉简介（An Overview of E-C Translation） 杨 娜 一、教学目标（Objectives） Students are expected to: Be well aware of the major features of translating English to Chinese in general. Learn about the translation strategies commonly applied in E-C translation theoretically. Identify the mistakes in E-C translation frequently committed by college students. Get familiar with the procedure involved in E-C translation, and receive constructive suggestions in this aspect. 二、教学重点与难点（Focus） 英译汉的主要特点 英译汉的常用翻译策略 英译汉的常见错误类型 英译汉的具体操作步骤 三、教学内容及课时安排（Main Contents Time Allotment） Section 1: 50 minutes 1. 英译汉的主要特点（Main features in E-C translation 虽然共享翻译的基本策略，然而由于英汉两种语言的差异性，英译汉与汉译英有显著性区别，主要呈现如下特征。 1）“形合”转为“意合） Examples I may be wrong and you may be right, and by an effort, we may be nearer to the truth. 也许或是错的，你是对的。我们一起努力，就会更接近真理。 Can you answer a question which I want to ask and which is puzzling me? 我有个问题一直没有弄明白，想请教你，你能回答吗？ 2）“繁复”转为“简短”（Complex vs. Simplex） Examples In the doorway lay at least twelve umbrellas of all sizes and colors. 门口放着一堆雨伞，少说也有十二把，五颜六色，大小不一。 There are many wonderful stories to tell about the places I visited and the people I met. 我走访了一些地方，也遇到一些人。要谈起来的话，奇妙的事情可多着呢。 3）“物称”转为“人称”（Impersonal vs. Personal） Examples An idea suddenly struck me. 我突然想到一个主意。 A strange peace came over her when she was alone. 她独处时感受到一种特殊的宁静。 4）“被动”转为“主动”（Passive vs. Active） Examples a. These questions shouldn’t be confused. 不要把这些问题混在一起。 b. The speed of wind is expressed in meters by second. 风速是用秒来表示的（或：用秒来表示风速）。 5）“静态”转为“动态”（Static vs. Dynamic） Examples a. He is a good eater and a good sleeper. 他能吃能睡。 b. The machine is in operation. 机器正在运行中。 6）“抽象”转为“具体”（Abstract vs. Concrete） Examples a. The sight of his native place called back his childhood. 看到自己的故乡，他忆起了童年的情景。 b. These problems defy easy classification. 这些问题难以归类。 7）“间接”转为“直接”（Indirect vs. Direct） Examples a. She’s rather good-looking. 她相当漂亮。 b. The evidence is beyond dispute, excluding all possibil