非谓语和谓语练习.docVIP

非谓语和谓语 一、区分谓语和非谓语 谓语谓语(predicate) 或谓语动词(predicate verb) 的位置一般在主语之后，说明主语“是什么”或者“做什么”，或表明主语的状态。谓语由简单动词或动词短语（助动词或情态动词＋主要动词）构成。 1．简单谓语 (1). What happened? 发生了什么事？ (2). He worked hard all day today. 他今天苦干了一天。 (3). The plane took off at ten o’clock. 飞机是十点起飞的。 2.　　复合谓语可分为两种情况： 第一种是由情态动词，助动词+不带to的动词不定式构成的复合谓语： What does this word mean? 　　I won’t do it again. I’ll go and move away the bag of rice with Lin Tao. You’d better catch a bus. 第二种是由连系动词+表语构成的复合谓语。例如： You look the same. 　　We are all here. The weather gets wamer, and the days get longer. Keep quite and listen to me. 　　He looked worried. We have to be up early in the moing. 　　非谓语动词 在句中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词分为三种形式：非谓语动词的时态和语态 　 　 一般式 完成式 进行式 不定式 主动 to do to have done to be doing 被动 to be done to have been done 　 ing 形式 主动 doing having done 　 被动 being done having been done 　 过去分词 被动 done 　 　 非谓语动词的做题步骤 　　1、判定是否用非谓语形式。方法：看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了 　　2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。方法：非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。 　　3、判断主被动关系。方法：非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。 　　4、判断时间关系。方法：分析句子，看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。 To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard. To lose your heart means failure. Her job is to clean the hall. Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia. He found a good house to live in. The child has nothing to worry about. He worked day and night to get the money. She sold her hair to buy the watch chain. Reading is important in learning English. Looking after the patient is a nurses job. He slept in the sleeping bag. Hearing their teachers voice, the pupils stopped talking at once.（= On hearing their teachers voice… = When they heard their teachers voice, the pupils… Dont be careless when /while having an exam. = Dont be careless in having an exam. = Dont be careless when / while you are having an exam. Not knowing how to?work out the difficult physics problem, he asked the teacher for help. = Because he didn抰 know how to ?ifTheir car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing th