C51单片机的直流电机调速系统设计.doc

摘 要 现如今，自动化控制系统已经在各行各业得 到了广泛的应用和发展，而直流调速控制作为电气传动的主流在现代化生产中起着重要作用。长期以来，直流电机因其具有调节转速比较灵活、方法简单、易于大范围内平滑调速、控制性能好等特点，在传动领域有一定地位。 单片机技术由于其价格低、耗电少、抗干扰能力强、控制功能强、运行速度快、开发应用方便、研发周期短等优点使单片机有控制领域得到广泛应用。 本文介绍了一种基于单片机控制的PWM直流电机调速系统，系统以89S52单片机为核心,以小型直流电机为控制对象,实现单闭环比例控制。系统包括转速给定、转速显示、转速检测、PWM脉宽信号产生算法以及直流电机驱动电路。从直流调速系统原理出发，逐步建立了单闭环直流PWM调速系统的模型，给出了该系统的详细设计思路、软硬件设计、电路结构和采用比例控制算法的控制程序流程。在芯片选择方面，以89S52为控制核心，分别采用了DAC0832，LM339等外围芯片，该系统具有较好的控制精度,可以在中小功率直流电动机上广泛应用。 关键字：直流电机; 调速; PWM; 单片机 ABSTRACT Nowadays, Automatic Control System have found widely application and development, and direct electrical machinery velocity modulation control as the mainstream plays an important role in the modern industries. Direct motor has more flexible ways to regulate the speed , easy to smooth machinery velocity modulation control within the scope, strong performance characteristics ,been the driven position in certain. Monolithic integrated circuits technology for its low price, less power, control functions, high running speed, convenience, development and application development cycle advantages in a monolithic integrated circuits to control widely used. This article describes a revivification of pwm the DC electrical machinery velocity modulation control system, the system to 89S52 monolithic integrated circuits to control small a direct motor, for achieving a close link pi control. System including revs given, revolution speed display, revolution speed detection, the signals that pwm wide algorithm and a direct motor driving circuit. from my system, machinery velocity modulation principle of gradual established a close link dc pwm machinery velocity modulation system model to give out details of the system design, soft, circuit design and structure and the pi control of the method to control program flow. The system has good control,which the chip for control of the core 89S52 were adopted,and for the external lm339 dac0832, the dc power the motors and wide application. Keywords ：Direct motor；