the role of policies in supporting the diffusion of solar photovoltaic systems experiences with ontario, canada’s renewable energy standard offer program政策的作用在支持太阳能光伏系统的扩散与安大略省经验,加拿大的可再生能源标准优惠计划.pdfVIP
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the role of policies in supporting the diffusion of solar photovoltaic systems experiences with ontario, canada’s renewable energy standard offer program政策的作用在支持太阳能光伏系统的扩散与安大略省经验,加拿大的可再生能源标准优惠计划
Sustainability 2010, 2, 30-47; doi:10.3390/su2010030
OPEN ACCESS
sustainability
ISSN 2071-1050
/journal/sustainability
Article
The Role of Policies in Supporting the Diffusion of Solar
Photovoltaic Systems: Experiences with Ontario, Canada’s
Renewable Energy Standard Offer Program
Chris Adachi * and Ian H. Rowlands
Department of Environment and Resource Studies, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue
West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada; E-Mail: irowland@uwaterloo.ca
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: chris.adachi@;
Tel.: +1-519-888-4567, Ext. 32574; Fax: +1-519-746-0292.
Received: 10 November 2009 / Accepted: 22 December 2009 / Published: 24 December 2009
Abstract: Traditionally, high initial capital costs and lengthy payback periods have been
identified as the most significant barriers that limit the diffusion of solar photovoltaic (PV)
systems. In November, 2006, the Ontario Power Authority (OPA) introduced the
Renewable Energy Standard Offer Program (RESOP), offering owners of solar PV systems
with a generation capacity under 10 MW a 20 year contract to sell electricity back to the
grid at a guaranteed rate of CAD $0.42/kWh. While it is the intent of incentive programs
such as the RESOP to begin to lower financial barriers in order to increase the uptake of
solar PV systems, there is no guarantee that the level of participation will in fact rise. The
"on-the-ground" manner in which consumers interact with such an incentive program
ultimately determines its effec
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