病理生理学复习提纲（Review outline of pathophysiology）.docVIP

病理生理学复习提纲（Review outline of pathophysiology） Review outline of pathophysiology 1. Pathophysiology is a science that studies the laws, mechanisms, and mechanisms responsible for the onset, development, and outcome of disease. Pathophysiology focuses on the changes in function and metabolism in disease. 2, health: refers to the physical, mental, psychological, social behavior in good condition. 3. Disease: the abnormal life process caused by the disorder of homeostasis regulation under the action of cause and damage of organism. 4, the cause of the disease (referred to as etiology, also known as pathogenic factors): internal and external factors that cause disease. Two characteristics: essential to disease; determine the specificity of the disease. 5, conditions: internal and external factors that affect the occurrence and development of disease. 6 Death: a permanent cessation of the function of the organism as a whole. 7. Brain death: permanent and irreversible loss of function of the entire brain (brain and brain stem). Determine the six criteria of brain death: breathing, cardiac arrest, irreversible deep coma, brain stem nerve reflex disappeared, mydriasis or fixed, and the disappearance of brain waves, straight line, cerebral blood circulation completely stopped. 8. Hyponatremia of low volume (hypotonic dehydration) A, definition: loss of sodium, excess water loss, serum sodium concentration 130mmol/L, plasma osmotic pressure 280mmol/L, and accompanied by a decrease in extracellular fluid volume. B: the common cause is the loss of large amounts of liquid or fluid accumulated in the third space after renal or renal detachment. Loss of kidney: long term continuous use of high efficacy diuretics, adrenal insufficiency, renal parenchymal disease, and renal tubular acidosis. Loss of the kidney: loss of digestive tract, accumulation of fluid in the third space, loss of skin. C, the effects on the body: (1), decrease in the extracellular fluid, prone to shock (2), pla