真空断路器工作原理（Principle of vacuum circuit breaker）.doc

真空断路器工作原理（Principle of vacuum circuit breaker） Vacuum representation The space in which the absolute pressure is below the atmosphere of a gas is called the vacuum space. The higher the vacuum, the lower the gas pressure in the space. The vacuum unit has three kinds of representation: support (i.e. 1 mm mercury), MB (103bar) or Palmer (Pascal Pa). (1 =131. 6Pa =100Pa, 1 mbar) we usually said vacuum interrupter vacuum of 10-4 Torr refers to the gas pressure of the arcing chamber is only 1/10000 mm of mercury , which is 1. 31x10-2Pa. The Parsons theorem is also translated as Bashin law, refers to the relationship between the gap voltage tolerance strength and gas pressure. Figure 1 shows the relation curve of Python theorem was V shape, namely, the inflation pressure increases or decreases, can improve the insulation strength of inter electrode gap. The breakdown mechanism is still not clear, because the vacuum interrupter of vacuum degree is higher than that of indoor 10-4 support, so that the thin air space, the free travel of gas molecules is 103mm, volume in the vacuum interrupter so the size of the collision, the probability is almost zero. Therefore, free collisions will not occur, causing the true space gap to breakdown. Pessen theorem V curve is derived from experimental conditions, in the case of uniform electric field, the gap breakdown voltage can be expressed as Uj: Uj=KLa L------ clearance distance; A------ clearance coefficient (gap 5mm, a=1, 5mm, a=0). 5) The python theorem V shaped curve that, when the vacuum degree is up to 103 Torr when the inflection point, the inflection point around the curve becomes flat, almost no change in the breakdown voltage. When the actual gap and gap distance are the same, the breakdown voltage varies with the contact electrode material. The electrode material has higher mechanical strength and higher melting point, and the breakdown voltage of the vacuum gap also increases. Failure mechanism of vacuum insulation As previ