常用冷却剂.doc

常用冷却剂 一种盐、酸或碱和水或冰组成的冷却剂 序号 (No.) 盐(Salt) X/g △t/℃ Y/g 冰盐点 (Cryohydric point)/℃ 1 CaCl2 250.0 23.0 42.2 -55.0 2 CaCl2·6H2O - - 41.0 -9.0 3 CaCl2?H2O - - 82.0 -21.5 4 CaCl2?H2O - - 100.0 -29.0 5 CaCl2?H2O - - 125.0 -40.3 6 CaCl2?H2O - - 150.0 -49.0 7 CaCl2?H2O - - 500.0 -54.0 8 CaCl2?H2O - - 143.0 -55.0 9 FeCl2 - - 49.7 -55.0 10 MgCl2 - - 27.5 -33.6 11 NaCl 36.0 2.5 30.4 -21.2 12 (NH4)2SO4 75.0 6.0 62.0 -19.0 13 NaNO3 75.0 18.5 59.0 -18.5 14 NH4NO3 100.0 27.0 50.0 -17.0 15 NH4Cl 30.0 18.0 25.0 -15.0 16 KCl 30.0 13.0 30.0 -11.0 17 Na2S2O3 70.0 18.7 42.8 -11.0 18 MgSO4 85.0 8.0 23.4 -3.9 19 KNO3 16.0 10.0 13.0 -2.9 20 Na2CO3 40.0 9.0 6.3 -2.1 21 K2SO4 12.0 3.0 6.5 -1.6 22 CH3COONa 51.1 15.4 - - 23 KSCN 150.0 34.5 - - 24 NH4Cl 133.0 31.2 29.7 -15.8 25 (NH4)2CO3 30.0 12.0 - - 26 Na2SO4?0H2O p 20.0 7.0 - - 27 NH4SCN 133.0 31.0 - - 28 Pb(NO3)2 - - 54.3 -2.7 29 ZnSO4 - - 37.4 -6.6 30 ZnCl2 - - 108.3 -62.0 31 K2CO3 - - 65.3 -36.5 32 BaCl2 - - 40.8 -7.8 33 MnSO4 - - 90.5 -10.5 34 浓H2SO4 - - 25.0 -20.0 35 66% H2SO4 - - 100.0 -37.0 36 稀HNO3 - - 100.0 -40.0 37 HCl - - 33.0 -86.0 38 NaOH - - 23.5 -28.0 39 KOH - - 47.1 -65.0 (2)两种盐和水组成的冷却剂 序号(No.) 盐混合物质量配比 (Proportioning by mass of salt mixture) △t/℃ 1 NH4Cl(100.0g) + KNO3(100.0g) 40.0 2 NH4NO3(54.0g) + NH4SCN(83.0g) 39.6 3 NH4NO3(13.0g) + KSCN(146.0g) 39.2 4 NH4SCN(84.0g) + NaNO3(60.0g) 36.0 5 NH4NO3(100.0g) + Na2CO3(100.0g) 35.0 6 NH4Cl(33.0g) + KNO3(33.0g) 27.0 7 NH4Cl(31.2g) + KNO3(31.2g) 27.0 8 NH4SCN(82.0g) + KNO3(15.0g) 20.4 9 NH4NO3(72.0g) + NaNO3(60.0g) 17.0 10 NH4Cl(29.0g) + KNO3(18.0g) 10.6 11 NH4Cl(22.0g) + NaNO3(51.0g) 9.8 (3)两种盐和冰组成的冷却剂 实验中混合指定量的两种盐和100 g 冰，温度可以下降△t(℃)，从而实现冷却目的。但其中的两种盐